Having chemoradiotherapy for lung cancer

Chemoradiotherapy means having chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment together.

Chemotherapy uses anti cancer drugs to destroy cancer cells. These drugs are also called cytotoxic drugs Open a glossary item. The drugs circulate throughout the body in the bloodstream.

Radiotherapy uses radiation, usually x-rays, to destroy cancer cells.

When you have chemoradiotherapy

Your doctor might suggest chemoradiotherapy if you have:

  • stage 3 non small cell lung cancer
  • early stage small cell lung cancer

You need to be fit enought to have this treatment because the side effects can be difficult to cope with.

The treatment can help to control the cancer. You might also have it as part of a clinical trial.

How you have chemoradiotherapy

Chemotherapy

The most common chemotherapy drug is cisplatin and it is often combined with other chemotherapy drugs.

For non small cell lung cancer, you might have chemotherapy before the radiotherapy starts as a drip into your arm every 3 to 4 weeks. You continue to have it during the radiotherapy treatment and finish it after radiotherapy has ended.

For small cell lung cancer, you might have radiotherapy during the first two cycles of chemotherapy.

A nurse puts a small tube into one of your veins and connects it to the drip. Or you might have a central line. This is a long plastic tube that gives the drug into a large vein, either in your chest or in your arm. It stays in while you’re having treatment, which might be for a few months.

Radiotherapy

You have radiotherapy in short sessions every weekday for about 4 to 6 weeks. 

Where you have chemoradiotherapy

Chemotherapy

You usually have treatment in the chemotherapy day unit or you might need to stay in hospital for a day or more.

Radiotherapy

You have radiotherapy in the radiotherapy department.

Before you begin treatment, the radiotherapy team works out how much radiation you need. They divide it into a number of smaller treatments. They call each treatment a fraction. This is called radiotherapy planning.

The radiographers might make pen marks or small tattoos on your skin in the treatment area. You may need to raise your arms above your head for a while. Or you might have a radiotherapy shell (mould) made to keep you still while you have treatment.

After your planning session

Your treatment starts a few days or up to 3 weeks after the planning session. 

Having treatment

You lie under a large machine to have radiotherapy.

Side effects

Chemoradiotherapy can cause side effects, such as tiredness, sickness, a sore throat, and a cough and breathlessness.

  • Lung cancer: diagnosis and management

    National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2019 (updated 22 September 2022)

  • Management of lung cancer
    Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network, 2011

  • Non-small cell lung cancer
    BMJ Best Practice
    Accessed February 2023

  • Small cell lung cancer

    BMJ Best Practice

    Accessed February 2023

  • Radiotherapy dose fractionation, second edition
    Royal College of Radiologists, 2016

Last reviewed: 
15 Feb 2023
Next review due: 
15 Feb 2026

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